Mean, median, and mode. One way of presenting the central score of a distribution is via the mean, determined by adding all the scores and dividing by the number of individuals. Another way is the median, which is the middle score after all the scores have been arranged from highest to lowest. The mode is the score that occurs most frequently. Standard deviation (SD). To indicate whether most scores are clustered close to the mean or whether they are spread out, psychologists report the range of scores, called the standard deviation. If we know that a given score is a certain number of standard deviations above or below the mean, then we can determine what percentage of other scores it exceeds. Inferential statistics. Inferential statistics are attempts to deduce the properties of a large population based on the results from a small sample of that population
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